Embryos in which no signs of life are present; causes vary, most often improper storage of hatching eggs, consequences of unsuitable inbreeding, deficiencies in layer nutrition, etc..
Eggs with severely damaged shells and ruptured shell membranes.
More intensely colored yolk material in concentric layers; intensity depends on ...
A chick from hatch until 24 hours after removal from the hatcher.
Cardboard (or plastic crate) adapted for transporting day-old chicks of all poul...
Removal of part of the beak in young birds to prevent cannibalism; permitted up ...
A form of intensive floor keeping with a layer of deep litter covering all or mo...